Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Examining the Link Between Sports Tourism, FDI Inflow, Economic Growth, and FDI Inflows: Does Legal Restrictions on Alcohols Consumption During Sports Events Matter?
Abstrct
The primary objective of this study is to examine the direct effect of sports tourism, FDI inflows, and legal restrictions on alcohol consumption during sporting events on the economic development of Arab Gulf nations. The study also investigated the moderating effect of alcohol consumption during sporting events on the relationship between sports tourism and economic growth. The panel data methodology and fixed effect are utilized in the study, and GMM estimates are utilized for data analysis. The data for variables from 1995 to 2022 come from the databases of the world bank and national statistical offices. FDI, sports FDI, the organization of mega sports events, alcohol consumption, and sports tourism all appeared to have a positive relationship with economic growth, as indicated by the fixed effect estimates. However, there is no correlation between alcohol consumption and economic growth. The findings of the GMM estimates corroborate those of the fixed effect estimates. Further findings indicate that the relationship between sports tourism and alcohol consumption is positive and statistically significant, which suggests that allowing alcohol consumption in the presence of sports tourism will boost the economic development of Arab Gulf nations. In Arab Gulf countries, where alcohol is frequently regarded as incompatible with religious and cultural values, it is vital to consider the potential cultural and social consequences of alcohol consumption. Therefore, any policy decisions regarding the legality of alcohol consumption in these nations should be thoroughly weighed against other social and cultural concerns. This is one of the first studies to examine the impact of sports tourism, FDI inflows, and legal restrictions on alcohol consumption during sporting events on the economic development of Arab Gulf nations.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
