Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Effects of Systematically Increasing Contextual Interference on Basketball Players' Skill Performance: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Abstrct
This study is a randomised controlled trial that aims to investigate the impact of different levels of contextual interference (blocked, increasing, and random) on basketball skill performance in male college students. A sample of 106 male college students, who were in good health and had no prior basketball experience, were randomly divided into three groups: blocked schedule (BS), increasing schedule (IS), and random schedule (RS). During a nine-week period, all groups received training in basketball skills, including shooting, dribbling, and passing. Each group adhered to a unique practice schedule. The assessment of skill performance included a pre-test, Post-test 1 (Skill acquisition test), Post-test 2 (Skill retention test), and Post-test 3 (Skill transfer test). The first three tests shared similar content and scoring criteria, while the skill transfer test presented novel challenges. The statistical significance level was defined as p<0.05. An initial analysis utilising Mixed-Design Repeated Measure MANOVA indicated significant differences among the three groups in relation to all basketball skill scores (p < 0.05). The BS group demonstrated superior performance compared to the IS and RS groups in shooting (FT:17.01±1.52), dribbling (SD:8.39±1.62), and passing (CP:3.60 ±1.01) during the skill acquisition test. However, the IS group demonstrated better performance in shooting (FT:16.26±1.82), dribbling (SD:7.52±0.72), and passing (CP:2.91±0.89) in the skill retention test compared to the BS and RS groups. The results of the one-way MANOVA analysis on post-test 3 indicated that the IS group performed significantly better in the skill transfer test (SS:19.89±2.86, CD:11.25±0.78, and RP:41.86 ±2.84) compared to the BS and RS groups (p<0.05). The results indicate that a higher frequency of practice sessions leads to improved basketball skills in beginners, particularly during the skill retention and transfer stages. The IS schedule is an effective method for improving basketball skills.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images