Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
The Deviation Degree of Investment Level of Sports Industry in China—A Case Study of Listed Sports Companies
Abstrct
The purpose of this paper is to study the degree of deviation from the level of investment in China's sports industry. Subjects of this paper are 39 companies engaged in the sports industry of China and listed in Shanghai or Shenzhen stock market, and a two-tier Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) model was built to study their panel data from 2007 to 2021 and figure out the influence of financing constraints and agency costs on the deviation of investment level of these subjects. The results suggest that: Both financing constraints and agency costs have a significant impact on the investment level of subjects, and the influence degree of financing constraints is slightly higher; on average, under the combined effect of financing constraints and agency costs, the investment level of subjects is 1.72% lower than the optimal investment level; the influence of financing constraints and agency costs on the deviation of investment level of subjects varies with the year, overall speaking, the influence of financing constraints is larger; for subjects of different property ownership types, there are differences in the degree of deviation of their investment level from the optimal investment level; compared with non-state-owned companies, the state-owned companies are more likely to have insufficient investment. The policy and practical recommendation of this paper is: Government should reduce financing constraints by means of optimizing relevant legal provisions and regulating the tax rates.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
