Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Adaptation and Validation of the Resilience Characteristics Scale in Spanish Sports Teams in different Cultures
Abstrct
The aim of the present study was to adapt and validate the Sports team Resilience Characteristics Scale (ECRED) to Spanish in different cultures. Participants were 613 players (493 men and 140 women) aged between 14-40 years (M = 20.09; DT = 5.07), under-18, and senior teams in collective sports in Argentina, Costa Rica, Spain, and Mexico. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis reaffirmed that the scale had adequate factor validity with two first-order factors (characteristics of resilience and vulnerability under pressure) and acceptable values of internal consistency (α > .70). Furthermore, the moderate correlation between cohesion factors supported the discriminant validity. To analyze the nomological validity, the variables of cohesion, collective efficacy, and intra-team conflict were used, finding significant correlations between them. The scale was invariant with respect to sex and category. Therefore, ECRED can be considered as a valid and reliable scale to assess team resilience in collective sports by sports psychologists.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
