Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
The Development of Russian Sports Psychology in the International Context: from the XIX to the XX Century1
Abstrct
The article examines the major milestones of the development of sports psychology in Europe, as well as the establishment of international communities in the field of sports psychology in the period going from the XIX Century to the end of the XX Century. Moreover, the author describes the history of sports psychology in Russia, including its Soviet period, and in Eastern Europe. Social and political environment are taken into account as they were important constraints to the evolution of Russian sport psychology either in a positive and negative way.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
