Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Comparative study of hardiness among student-athletes and non-athletes
Abstrct
The article is devoted to analysis of hardiness and its components (commitment, control, challenge) among student-athletes and students who do not go in for sports (Russia). The purpose of this study is to explore the peculiarities of the level and structure of the hardiness of student-athletes in comparison with students who are not involved in sports. We hypothesized that students-athletes are hardier, and the structure of their hardiness is different from student-non-athletes. The study involved 152 participants (62 male and 90 female). The sample consisted of subjects aged from 18 to 27 years (average age was 21.8 ± 4.1 years). Maddy’s “Hardiness Scale” (adapted by Leontiev and Rasskazova, 2006) and structured interview were used. Mathematical data processing was carried out with nonparametric (φ test) and parametric statistics (t-test). Method of Principle Components (Varimax Normalized) was applied in addition. All students have a high level of hardiness. While, the hardiness is higher in student-athletes due to the components of commitment and control. Factor analysis confirmed the presence of a more distinctly differentiated structure of hardiness in student-athletes. Male student-athletes have the highest level of hardiness. Girls who do not engage in sports have the lowest indicates of hardiness. Female student-athletes and young men who do not engage in sports have the same level of hardiness.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
