Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Psychometric Properties of the Three-Dimensional Anxiety Scale for Sport (ETApE) through CFA and IRT Approaches
Abstrct
The present study aimed to improve and examine the reliability, evidence regarding internal structure and invariance of the ETApE, an anxiety trait scale for sport. The study sample was formed by 500 athletes from the south of Brazil, being 64% males, from different sports and competitive levels, ranging from international to local. To examine the psychometric properties of the measurement model, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with maximum likelihood method was conducted and the composite reliability was assessed. Item parameters were analysed in light of the Item Response Theory (IRT). Moreover, the model’s invariance was tested and a latent means comparison according to gender was performed. The instrument presented good psychometric qualities that point to its validity regarding internal structure. Good indicators of reliability and factorial invariance were also achieved. A statistically significant difference was found in the three dimensions of the instrument according to gender. Women scored higher in cognitive and physiological anxiety and had lower score in the perceived control dimension.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
