Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Effect of Isolated Vs in-Game Curvilinear Displacements in Multi-Location External Workload Profile. A Case Study in Semi-Professional Basketball Players
Abstrct
In team sports, linear and non-linear displacements are combined during the game. In this sense, the importance of curvilinear trajectories and their impact on body joints have not been addressed yet. Therefore, the present research aims to: (a) describe the multi-location external workload profile during curvilinear displacements in isolated and in-game conditions, (b) compare the effect of direction and displacement context, and (c) analyse the correlation between impacts and curvilinear performance. Thirteen semi-professional male basketball players were assessed in two tests: (a) isolated (2 directions x 5 repetitions x 6.75-m line) and (b) in-game (10-min 3vs3 small-sided game). To evaluate curvilinear performance and impacts suffered per joints, six WIMU PROTM inertial devices (scapulae, centre of mass, 2x knee, 2x ankle) were placed through a specific integral whole-body vest. Statistical analysis was composed by ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc, t-test for independent samples and Pearson correlation coefficient, analysing the effect of magnitude by Cohen’s d and omega partial squared. The key findings indicate that straight displacements presented lower external workload than curvilinear displacements during in-game conditions (p<.01; = 0.47-to-0.50), but no differences were found between left and right directions (p>0.67; d<0.12). In addition, differences were found at lower limb locations in external workload in maximum sprinting during curvilinear displacements, with higher workload at left lower limb in right direction (knee: p<.01, d= -1.35; ankle: p<.01, d= -0.91), and at right lower limb in left direction (knee: p<.01, d= 1.23; ankle: p<.01, d= 0.91). Very high between-subjects variability has been shown in both tests. Besides, a nearly perfect relationship between external workload at different body locations (p<.01; r>0.918) and a high relationship between external workload and centripetal force were found (p<.01; r>0.518). In conclusion, curvilinear displacements should be trained specifically and, in both directions, due to the differences presented with straight displacements, considering the lower limb joints (knee and ankle). Due to the demands during in-game situations represent around 50% of maximum centripetal force and 20-to-40% of maximum external workload, a sprinting test with curvilinear displacements seems to be optimum to detect asymmetries for design training programs to reduce the injury risk in team sports players, specifically in basketball.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
