Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Effect of Biofeedback on the Anxiety of Amateur Athletes
Abstrct
Biofeedback is an effective strategy to decrease levels of activation and anxiety. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree to which amateur athletes are able to learn to control their autonomic responses through biofeedback. The hypothesis of this study is that amateur athletes with biofeedback intervention will significantly decrease their level of psychophysiological activation compared to those without the intervention. Sixteen amateur marathon athletes participated, from the city of Andria de la Puglia, Italy. They were randomly assigned to two groups, one control and one experimental (i.e., biofeedback condition, which used peripheral temperature, skin conductance, and heart rate techniques). During the intervention period, there were six 15-minute individual sessions over two weeks. Anxiety was evaluated using the STAI survey, which is a subjective scale of activation and a psychophysiological profile. The statistical analysis used in this study is analysis of variance of repeated measurements was used with a significance level of .05. For the Post Hoc or a posteriori comparison, the Sidák and the Bonferroni procedure were conducted. A significant interaction was found between the evaluation conditions, timepoints, group, including peripheral temperature and in the skin conductance. The experimental group has significant lower activation compared to the control group, higher increase of the peripheral temperature and lower conductance. There is no difference in anxiety measured with the STAI. In conclusion, the biofeedback group has learned to control their autonomic responses, as indicated by a significant decrease in the level of psychophysiological activation, compared to the group without intervention.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
