Technical Analysis and Development of Single Bamboo Floating from the Perspective of Education and Psychology
Determining entrepreneurs' characteristics towards psychological empowerment in Saudi Arabia
Abstrct
Human capital development and emancipation are recognized as the top priorities of not only Saudi Arabia's reforms and new plans but of all nations globally. However, most past research has concentrated on economic, social, and political empowerment, with little or no attention dedicated to psychological empowerment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine, in the context of Saudi Arabia, the effect of the four entrepreneurial attributes of Self-esteem, Self-efficacy, Access to Information, and Job Autonomy on the Psychological Empowerment of the country's entrepreneurs. In this study, the researchers utilized the Meaning, Competence, Self-Determination, and Impact model of Spreitzer Psychological Empowerment. Using a web-based questionnaire issued with the assistance of Chambers of Commerce, the researchers gathered data from the Eastern Province governorates' entrepreneurs. The researchers used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to examine the data collected from 354 participants in this study. The findings indicate that Self-Esteem positively influences Meaning, Competence, Self-Determination, and Impact. Self-efficacy positively affects Psychological Empowerment (Meaning, Competence and Self- Determination). However, Self-Efficacy does not influence impact. In addition, Access to Information positively influences Psychological Empowerment to a limited extent (Impact). However, Meaning, Competence, and Self-Determination are unaffected. Job Autonomy has a favorable influence on Psychological Empowerment, Competence, Self-Determination, and impact to a limited extent. Nevertheless, Job Autonomy has little effect on meaning. The findings of this study advance the understanding of Psychological Empowerment's drivers and, in practice, aid policymakers in making informed decisions.
María Dolores Molina Poveda, Eduardo Galak
Abstrct
The advent of cinema brought with it its use as a propaganda device with which to transmit ideals and doctrines. As a result, newsreels and cinema documentaries were born with the aim of showing the «most relevant» news of the country and abroad, the former with a shorter duration. In this study, the Spanish NO-DO and «Sucesos Argentinos» are used as primary sources to interpret the images and imaginaries that were projected between 1943 and 1955 on female physical culture. The intention is to understand the official discourse of both political regimes on what Argentinean and Spanish society should be like, especially by questioning those meanings about women. In total, 69 issues of NO-DO and 14 editions of «Sucesos Argentinos» have been found which aim to show female physical culture in this period. The female physical culture shown in both newsreels was aimed at strengthening women’s bodies so that they could carry out their «natural functions» (mother, wife, housewife), as well as highlighting their «inferiority» in relation to men through lower impact activities and the homogenization of bodies through clothing, and the performance of the same exercises in synchrony. And all this in countries with different regimes, but which, in the end, coincided.
Keywords:
female physical culture, NO-DO, Sucesos Argentinos, propaganda, audio-visual images
